Sierra Leone’s capital, Freetown, is facing a severe threat to its clean water supply from a national park.
Human activities like land grabbing, charcoal burning, quarrying, and marijuana cultivation are endangering the park, as revealed in a recent UN report.
The analysis indicates that the park has lost approximately 26% of its 18,000 hectares (180 square kilometers) of forest cover since monitoring began in 2016 by the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP).
“The issue of deforestation on the Western Area peninsula is tragic, worrying, and alarming,” said Sierra Leone’s environment minister Jiwoh Abdulai. “Enforcing the laws and policies is a major challenge,” he added.
The report mentioned that deforestation may lead to “slope destabilization, water shortages, landslides, and floods.”
It points out the need to closely monitor forest coverage to safeguard the city’s main water sources. Freetown is situated on a forested peninsula, primarily consisting of national park land.
The city relies on water from mountain reservoirs, but deforestation is diverting rain off the hillsides instead of allowing it to permeate through roots into the soil and streams.
According to Maada Kpenge, the managing director of the state-owned Guma Valley Water Company responsible for serving Freetown, the impact is already evident in severe water shortages, and he emphasized the gravity of the situation.