Indonesia has set an ambitious goal to phase out coal by 2040. The country plans to retire 3 gigawatts (GW) of coal capacity each year to achieve this. Simultaneously, Indonesia aims to scale up renewable energy to 65% of its energy mix by 2040. This transition will require the addition of 8 GW of clean energy capacity each year.
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Key Components of Indonesia’s Clean Energy Transition
Ember, an energy think tank, highlights the need for Indonesia to integrate 4 gigawatt-hours of battery storage annually. This will help maximize solar energy use, particularly during non-solar hours. The storage would enable Indonesia to balance the supply and demand for electricity, especially during peak periods.
The clean energy transition aligns with Indonesia’s Just Energy Transition Partnership Comprehensive Investment and Policy Plan. This plan projects that Indonesia will need to add 103 GW of new power capacity by 2040. Achieving this would support the country’s commitment to reducing emissions and transitioning to a low-carbon economy.
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How Indonesia Can Meet Growing Energy Demand
Indonesia’s electricity demand is projected to reach 806 terawatt-hours (TWh) by 2040. Ember’s analysis suggests that achieving a 65% renewable energy share will help meet this demand. Solar energy is expected to contribute 20%, while wind power could account for 11%.
Other renewable sources, such as nuclear, geothermal, bioenergy, and hydro, will contribute approximately 34%.
The Role of Solar and Wind in Indonesia’s Energy Mix
Solar and wind will play a significant role in Indonesia’s clean energy future. Solar energy, with its strong potential in the country’s tropical climate, will be key in meeting the 20% target. Wind energy, while less developed in Indonesia compared to other regions, is expected to contribute an additional 11%.