According to a report from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), hunger and disease are increasing in Latin America due to a year of extreme heat, floods, and drought.
The region, located between unusually warm Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, experienced tens of thousands of climate-related deaths in 2023, along with at least $21 billion (£17 billion) in economic damage and significant food shortages compared to other areas.
Climate disruptions caused by human-driven global warming combined with a natural El Niño effect continue to cause problems. Following the hottest April on record, severe floods in Porto Alegre, Brazil, resulted in at least 95 deaths and extensive damage to farmlands.
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Breaking global heat records for 11 consecutive months has led to widespread death and destruction worldwide, with Latin America and the Caribbean particularly affected.
Summarizing the impact on the region last year, the WMO attributed acute food insecurity affecting 13.8 million people primarily to disasters, climate change, and socioeconomic shocks.
“Sadly, this is probably only the beginning,” said Prof José Marengo, the lead author of the WMO report and director of the Brazil National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters. “Extreme events are becoming more frequent and the period of return is becoming shorter.”
Last year, Mexico reached a record high temperature of 51.4°C on August 29th, with many areas enduring a prolonged heatwave. By the end of the year, 76% of Mexico was facing some level of drought.
Brazil, the largest country in Latin America, saw record winter temperatures exceeding 41°C and severe droughts in the Amazon rainforest.
The Rio Negro reached its lowest level in over 120 years, resulting in fires around Manaus and the death of more than 100 baiji river dolphins in Lake Tefé’s hot, shallow, and polluted waters.
In addition, floods claimed lives and disrupted businesses or destroyed crops in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, Peru, and Bolivia during the same period.