COP29 has begun with a significant achievement, approving the Article 6.4 mechanism. This move allows countries to trade carbon emissions reductions, helping them meet their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. The decision lays the foundation for a global carbon market that can drive international climate cooperation.
Unlocking Climate Finance for Developing Nations
One of the key benefits of the Article 6.4 approval is the potential to unlock much-needed climate finance. Developing countries with carbon projects or natural carbon sinks will now have opportunities to engage in carbon trading.
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Mukhtar Babayev, President of COP29, highlighted the economic impact: “By matching buyers and sellers efficiently, carbon markets could reduce the cost of implementing NDCs by $250 billion annually.”
Key Standards Adopted by the Supervisory Body
At COP29, the Conference also welcomed the annual reports from the Article 6.4 Supervisory Body for 2023 and 2024. These reports outlined the ongoing efforts to implement the carbon trading mechanism in alignment with previous decisions made at COP sessions, specifically decisions 3/CMA.3 and 7/CMA.4.
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In a major development, the Supervisory Body adopted two critical standards: one concerning methodologies for developing and assessing Article 6.4 mechanisms, and another focusing on carbon removals under the framework. These standards are expected to play a key role in ensuring the credibility and efficiency of the carbon market.
Despite the progress, the approval process has faced criticism. Some environmental groups argue that bypassing more thorough discussions could set a dangerous precedent.
The Future of Carbon Removal
A major focus of the Article 6.4 mechanism is carbon dioxide removal (CDR). The industry, while growing, has struggled with inconsistent standards. The newly adopted UN framework aims to standardize CDR approaches, whether atmospheric, geological, or ocean-based. This could drive demand for CDR solutions and enhance the credibility of carbon removal projects.
A Collaborative Approach for Effective Implementation
The COP29 discussions reaffirmed that the Supervisory Body operates under the authority of the Conference, ensuring transparency and accountability. This collaboration will help improve the carbon market’s stability and integrity. With this approval, the global carbon market is on track to support climate goals, particularly for developing nations, while driving global emissions reductions.