A recent report published by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) highlights the scale of the development of carbon capture storage (CCS) technology in the United States.
The report, Understanding Scales and Capture Rates for Point-Source Carbon Capture Technology Development explores the US government’s efforts to develop CCS solutions.
The report underscores the pivotal role played by the US Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) in the context of the US’s ambitious climate goals.
The report mentions that the “priority of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) is reaching the Administration’s goals of a fully decarbonized power sector by 2035 and net-zero U.S. greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.”
To achieve these planned targets, FECM commits substantial investments in research and development projects to identify more cost-effective methods for capturing carbon emissions from power plants and industrial facilities.
The focus of the R&D projects is also to permanently store the sequestered carbon. The concerned body is designing technologies that “can attain steady-state gross carbon capture efficiencies of 95% or higher”.
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The report mentions that FECM adopts a systematic approach to refine carbon capture technology.
Firstly, the researchers conduct controlled experiments to understand the core principles and feasibility.
Then, the focus shifts to pilot projects. During this phase, the carbon capture technology undergoes thorough testing in controlled environments that simulate real-world conditions.
This phase allows for fine-tuning and optimization before moving on to larger-scale demonstrations.
These full-scale projects are implemented in operational power plants or factories, ultimately testing the technology’s viability and effectiveness.
Throughout this process, FECM prioritises resource efficiency and designs projects to achieve research goals cost-effectively.
As a result, pilot and demonstration projects often target capturing carbon from specific emissions sources instead of targeting every possible source.